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We included 81 studies in the network meta‐analysis of D(M)FS increment in the permanent dentition of children and adolescents. The certainty of the remaining evidence for this comparison was judged to be low. In the primary dentition of young children, 1500 ppm fluoride toothpaste reduces caries increment when compared with non‐fluoride toothpaste (MD ‐1.86 dfs, 95% confidence interval (CI) ‐2.51 to ‐1.21 998 participants, one study, moderate‐certainty evidence) the caries‐preventive effects for the head‐to‐head comparison of 1055 ppm versus 550 ppm fluoride toothpaste are similar (MD ‐0.05, dmfs, 95% CI ‐0.38 to 0.28 1958 participants, two studies, moderate‐certainty evidence), but toothbrushing with 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste slightly reduces decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) increment when compared with 440 ppm fluoride toothpaste (MD ‐0.34, dmft, 95%CI ‐0.59 to ‐0.09 2362 participants, one study, moderate‐certainty evidence). Seven studies with 11,356 randomised participants (7047 evaluated) reported the effects of fluoride toothpaste up to 1500 ppm on the primary dentition one study with 2500 randomised participants (2008 evaluated) reported the effects of 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste on the primary and permanent dentition 85 studies with 48,804 randomised participants (40,066 evaluated) reported the effects of toothpaste up to 2400 ppm on the immature permanent dentition and three studies with 2675 randomised participants (2162 evaluated) reported the effects of up to 1100 ppm fluoride toothpaste on the mature permanent dentition. We included 96 studies published between 19 in this updated review.